قالب:صادات حيوية

Antibacterials: protein synthesis inhibitors (J01A, J01B, J01F, J01G, QJ01XQ) القالب الأجنبي

-mycin (Streptomyces)	Streptomycin^# * Dihydrostreptomycin Neomycin^# * Framycetin * Paromomycin * Ribostamycin Kanamycin^# * Amikacin * Arbekacin * Bekanamycin * Dibekacin * Tobramycin Spectinomycin^# * Hygromycin B Paromomycin

-micin (Micromonospora)	Gentamicin^# * Netilmicin * Sisomicin * Isepamicin Verdamicin Astromicin

Tetracycline antibiotics
(tRNA binding)

Tetracyclines	Doxycycline^# * Chlortetracycline * Clomocycline * Demeclocycline * Lymecycline * Meclocycline * Metacycline * Minocycline * Oxytetracycline * Penimepicycline * Rolitetracycline * Tetracycline

Glycylcyclines	Tigecycline

50S

Oxazolidinone
(initiation inhibitors)

Linezolid * Torezolid * Eperezolid * Posizolid * Radezolid * Ranbezolid * Sutezolid

Peptidyl transferase

Amphenicols	Chloramphenicol^# * Azidamfenicol * Thiamphenicol * Florfenicol

Pleuromutilins	Retapamulin * Tiamulin * Valnemulin

MLS (transpeptidation/translocation)

Macrolides	Azithromycin^# * Clarithromycin * Dirithromycin * Erythromycin^# * Flurithromycin * Josamycin * Midecamycin * Miocamycin * Oleandomycin * Rokitamycin * Roxithromycin * Spiramycin * Troleandomycin * Tylosin * Ketolides * Telithromycin * Cethromycin * Solithromycin^†

Lincosamides	Clindamycin^# * Lincomycin * Pirlimycin

Streptogramins	Pristinamycin * Quinupristin/dalfopristin * Virginiamycin

EF-G

Steroid antibacterials	Fusidic acid

^#من الأدوية الأساسية. ^†يخضع لتجارب عيادية، وغير مصرح به من FDA. ^‡مسحوب من السوق. ^§التطوير اوقف.

M: BAC

bact (clas)

gr+f/gr+a (t)/gr-p (c)/gr-o

drug (J1p, w, n, m, vacc)

مضادات البكتيريا المخربة للجدار الخلوي (J01C-J01D) القالب الإنكليزي

Intracellular

inhibit peptidoglycan subunit synthesis and transport: NAM synthesis inhibition (Fosfomycin) DADAL/AR inhibitors (Cycloserine) • bactoprenol inhibitors (Bacitracin)

Glycopeptide

inhibit PG chain elongation: Vancomycin^# (Oritavancin • Telavancin) • Teicoplanin (Dalbavancin) • Ramoplanin

β-lactams/
(inhibit PBP
cross-links)

Penicillins
(penams)

Extended sp.

aminopenicillins: Amoxicillin^# • Ampicillin^# (Pivampicillin • Hetacillin • Bacampicillin• Metampicillin• Talampicillin)• Epicillin

carboxypenicillins: Carbenicillin (Carindacillin) • Ticarcillin • Temocillin

ureidopenicillins: Azlocillin • Piperacillin • Mezlocillin

other: Mecillinam (Pivmecillinam) • Sulbenicillin

Narrow sp.

β-lactamase sensitive	Benzylpenicillin (G)^#: Clometocillin • Benzathine benzylpenicillin^# • Procaine benzylpenicillin^# • Azidocillin • Penamecillin Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)^#: Propicillin • Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin • Pheneticillin

β-lactamase resistant	Cloxacillin^# (Dicloxacillin • Flucloxacillin) • Oxacillin • Meticillin • Nafcillin

Penems

Faropenem

Carbapenems

Biapenem • Ertapenem • antipseudomonal (Doripenem • Imipenem • Meropenem) • Panipenem

Cephalosporins/Cephamycins
(cephems)

الجيل الأول (P E-coli كلبسيلا رئوية)	Cefazolin^# • Cefacetrile • Cefadroxil • Cefalexin • Cefaloglycin • Cefalonium • Cefaloridine • Cefalotin • Cefapirin • Cefatrizine • Cefazedone • Cefazaflur • Cefradine • Cefroxadine • Ceftezole

الجيل الثاني (انفلونزا E نيسيريا)	Cefaclor • Cefamandole • Cefminox • Cefonicid • Ceforanide • Cefotiam • Cefprozil • Cefbuperazone • Cefuroxime • Cefuzonam • cephamycin (Cefoxitin • Cefotetan • Cefmetazole) • carbacephem (Loracarbef)

الجيل الثالث	Cefixime^# • Ceftriaxone^# • antipseudomonal (Ceftazidime^# • Cefoperazone) • Cefcapene • Cefdaloxime • Cefdinir • Cefditoren • Cefetamet • Cefmenoxime • Cefodizime • Cefotaxime • Cefpimizole • Cefpiramide • Cefpodoxime • Cefsulodin • Cefteram • Ceftibuten • Ceftiolene • Ceftizoxime • oxacephem (Flomoxef • Latamoxef ^‡)

الجيل الرابع (antips-)	• Cefepime • Cefozopran • Cefpirome • Cefquinome

الجيل الخامس	Ceftobiprole • Ceftaroline fosamil

Veterinary	Ceftiofur • Cefquinome • Cefovecin

Monobactams

Aztreonam • Tigemonam • Carumonam • Nocardicin A

β-lactamase inh.

penam (Sulbactam • Tazobactam) • clavam (Clavulanic acid)

Combinations

Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid^# • Imipenem/cilastatin^# • Ampicillin/flucloxacillin • Ampicillin/sulbactam (Sultamicillin) • Piperacillin/tazobactam

Other

polymyxins/detergent (Colistin • Polymyxin B) • depolarizing (Daptomycin) • hydrolyze NAM-NAG (Lysozyme) * Isoniazid • Gramicidin

^#من الأدوية الأساسية. ^†يخضع لتجارب عيادية، وغير مصرح به من FDA. ^‡مسحوب من السوق. ^§التطوير اوقف.

M: BAC

bact (clas)

gr+f/gr+a (t)/gr-p (c)/gr-o

drug (J1p, w, n, m, vacc)

مضادات البكتيريا المثبطة لحمض النيوكليك (J01E, J01M) القالب الإنكليزي

Antifolates
(inhibits
purine metabolism,
thereby inhibiting
DNA and RNA synthesis)

DHFR inhibitor

2,4-Diaminopyrimidine (Trimethoprim^# • Brodimoprim • Tetroxoprim • Iclaprim^†)

Sulfonamides
(DHPS inhibitor)

Short- acting	Sulfaisodimidine • Sulfamethizole • Sulfadimidine • Sulfapyridine • Sulfafurazole • Sulfanilamide (Prontosil) • Sulfathiazole • Sulfathiourea

Intermediate- acting	Sulfamethoxazole • Sulfadiazine^# • Sulfamoxole

Long- acting	Sulfadimethoxine • Sulfadoxine • Sulfalene • Sulfametomidine • Sulfametoxydiazine • Sulfamethoxypyridazine • Sulfaperin • Sulfamerazine • Sulfaphenazole • Sulfamazone

Other/ungrouped

sulfanilamide (Sulfacetamide • Sulfametrole)

Combinations

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole^#

Topoisomerase
inhibitors/
quinolones/
(inhibits
DNA replication)

1st g.

Cinoxacin^‡ • Flumequine • Nalidixic acid • Oxolinic acid • Pipemidic acid • Piromidic acid • Rosoxacin

Fluoro-
quinolones

2nd g.	Ciprofloxacin^# • Enoxacin^‡ • Fleroxacin^‡ • Lomefloxacin • Nadifloxacin • Ofloxacin • Norfloxacin • Pefloxacin • Rufloxacin

3rd g.	Balofloxacin • Grepafloxacin^‡ • Levofloxacin • Pazufloxacin • Sparfloxacin^‡ • Temafloxacin^‡ • Tosufloxacin

4th g.	Besifloxacin • Clinafloxacin^† • Garenoxacin • Gemifloxacin • Moxifloxacin • Gatifloxacin^‡ • Sitafloxacin • Trovafloxacin^‡/Alatrofloxacin^‡ • Prulifloxacin

Vet.	Danofloxacin • Difloxacin • Enrofloxacin • Ibafloxacin • Marbofloxacin • Orbifloxacin • Pradofloxacin • Sarafloxacin

Related (DG)	Aminocoumarins: Novobiocin

Anaerobic DNA
inhibitors

Nitro- imidazole derivatives	Metronidazole^# • Tinidazole • Ornidazole

Nitrofuran derivatives	Nitrofurantoin^# • Furazolidone^‡ • Nifurtoinol

RNA synthesis

Rifamycins/ RNA polymerase	Rifampicin^# • Rifabutin • Rifapentine • Rifaximin

^#من الأدوية الأساسية. ^†يخضع لتجارب عيادية، وغير مصرح به من FDA. ^‡مسحوب من السوق. ^§التطوير اوقف.

M: BAC

bact (clas)

gr+f/gr+a (t)/gr-p (c)/gr-o

drug (J1p, w, n, m, vacc)

v t e Antibacterials: others (J01X) القالب الإنكليزي

Other/ungrouped	bornane: Xibornol cresol: Clofoctol polyamine: Methenamine alpha hydroxy acid: Mandelic acid nitroquinoline: Nitroxoline pyran/fatty acid: Isoleucine-tRNA ligase inhibitors (Mupirocin)

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