الفرق بين المراجعتين لصفحة: «قالب:مضادات البكتيريا المخربة للجدار الخلوي»

من موسوعة العلوم العربية
اذهب إلى التنقل اذهب إلى البحث
(تحديث المعلومات ووضع رابط إنكليزي)
سطر 1: سطر 1:
{{Navbox
{{Navbox
| name  = Cell wall disruptive antibiotics
| name  = Cell wall disruptive antibiotics
| title = [[Antibiotic|Antibacterials]]: [[cell wall]] disruption ([[ATC code J01#J01C Beta-lactam antibacterials|J01C]]-[[ATC_code_J01#J01D_Other_beta-lactam_antibacterials|J01D]])
| title = مضادات البكرتيا المخربة للجدار الخلوي [[Antibiotic|Antibacterials]]: [[cell envelope antibiotic]]s ([[ATC code J01#J01C|J01C]]-[[ATC code J01#J01D|J01D]]) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cell_wall_disruptive_antibiotics القالب الإنكليزي]
|listclass = hlist
| groupstyle = background:PowderBlue;  
| groupstyle = background:PowderBlue;  


|group1  = Internal to membrane/<BR>(inhibit [[peptidoglycan]] subunit<BR>synthesis and transport)
|group1  = Intracellular
|list1  = {{Navbox subgroup
|list1  =
| groupstyle = background:PowderBlue;
* ''inhibit [[peptidoglycan]] subunit synthesis and transport: [[N-Acetylmuramic acid|NAM]] synthesis inhibition'' ([[Fosfomycin]])
* ''[[D-alanine-D-alanine ligase|DADAL]]/[[alanine racemase|AR]] inhibitors'' ([[Cycloserine]])
* ''[[bactoprenol]] inhibitors'' ([[Bacitracin]])


| group1 = [[N-Acetylmuramic acid|NAM]] synthesis inhibition
| group2 = [[Glycopeptide antibiotic|Glycopeptide]]
|  list1 = [[Fosfomycin]]
|  list2 =
* ''inhibit [[Peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase|PG]] chain elongation:'' [[Vancomycin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Oritavancin]]
* [[Telavancin]])
* [[Teicoplanin]] ([[Dalbavancin]])
* [[Ramoplanin]]


| group2 = [[D-alanine-D-alanine ligase]],<BR>[[alanine racemase]] inhibitors
|  list2 = [[Cycloserine]]


| group3 = [[Bactoprenol]] inhibitors
|group3  = [[beta-lactam antibiotic|β-lactam]]s/<BR>(inhibit [[Penicillin binding proteins|PBP]]<BR>cross-links)
|  list3 = [[Bacitracin]]
 
}}
 
| group2 = [[Glycopeptide antibiotic|Glycopeptide]]/<BR>(inhibit [[Peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase|PG]] chain elongation)
|  list2 = [[Vancomycin]] # ([[Oritavancin]], [[Telavancin]]){{·}} [[Teicoplanin]] ([[Dalbavancin]]){{·}} [[Ramoplanin]]
 
 
|group3  = [[beta-lactam antibiotic|Beta-lactam]]s/<BR>(inhibit cross-links<BR>with [[Penicillin binding proteins|PBP]])
|list3  = {{Navbox subgroup
|list3  = {{Navbox subgroup
| groupstyle = background:PowderBlue;  
| groupstyle = background:PowderBlue;  


| group1 = [[Penicillin]]s/<BR>([[penam]]s)
| group1 = [[Penicillin]]s<BR>([[penam]]s)
|  list1 = {{Navbox subgroup
|  list1 = {{Navbox subgroup
| groupstyle = background:PowderBlue;  
| groupstyle = background:PowderBlue;  


| group1 = [[Beta-lactam_antibiotic#Extended-spectrum|Extended spectrum]]
| group1 = [[Beta-lactam_antibiotic#Extended-spectrum|Extended sp.]]
| list1  = ''[[aminopenicillin]]s:'' [[Amoxicillin]] # {{·}} [[Ampicillin]] # ([[Pivampicillin]], [[Hetacillin]], [[Bacampicillin]], [[Metampicillin]], [[Talampicillin]]){{·}} [[Epicillin]]
| list1  =
* ''[[aminopenicillin]]s:'' [[Amoxicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Ampicillin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Pivampicillin]]
* [[Hetacillin]]
* [[Bacampicillin]]
* [[Metampicillin]]
* [[Talampicillin]])
* [[Epicillin]]


''[[carboxypenicillin]]s:'' [[Carbenicillin]] ([[Carindacillin]]){{·}} [[Ticarcillin]]{{·}} [[Temocillin]]
*''[[carboxypenicillin]]s:'' [[Carbenicillin]] ([[Carindacillin]])
* [[Ticarcillin]]
* [[Temocillin]]


''[[ureidopenicillin]]s:'' [[Azlocillin]]{{·}} [[Piperacillin]]{{·}} [[Mezlocillin]]
*''[[ureidopenicillin]]s:'' [[Azlocillin]]
* [[Piperacillin]]
* [[Mezlocillin]]


''other:'' [[Mecillinam]] ([[Pivmecillinam]]){{·}} [[Sulbenicillin]]
*''other:'' [[Mecillinam]] ([[Pivmecillinam]])
* [[Sulbenicillin]]


| group2 = [[Beta-lactam_antibiotic#Narrow-spectrum|Narrow spectrum]]
| group2 = [[Beta-lactam_antibiotic#Narrow-spectrum|Narrow sp.]]
| list2  = {{Navbox subgroup
| list2  = {{Navbox subgroup
| groupstyle = background-color: PowderBlue  
| groupstyle = background-color: PowderBlue  


| group1 = [[Beta-lactam_antibiotic#Narrow-spectrum|Beta-lactamase sensitive]]
| group1 = [[Beta-lactam_antibiotic#Narrow-spectrum|β-lactamase sensitive]]
| list1  = [[Benzylpenicillin|Benzylpenicillin (G)]] # {{·}} [[Phenoxymethylpenicillin|Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)]] # {{·}} [[Propicillin]]{{·}} [[Azidocillin]]{{·}} [[Pheneticillin]]{{·}} [[Penamecillin]]{{·}} [[Clometocillin]]{{·}} [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin]] # {{·}} [[Procaine benzylpenicillin]] # {{·}} [[Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin]]
| list1  =
* [[Benzylpenicillin|Benzylpenicillin (G)]]<sup>#</sup>: [[Clometocillin]]
* [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Procaine benzylpenicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Azidocillin]]
* [[Penamecillin]] <BR>


|group2  = [[Beta-lactam_antibiotic#Narrow-spectrum_.CE.B2-lactamase-resistant_penicillins|Beta-lactamase resistant]]
* [[Phenoxymethylpenicillin|Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)]]<sup>#</sup>: [[Propicillin]]
|list2  = [[Dicloxacillin]]{{·}} [[Cloxacillin]] # {{·}} [[Meticillin]]{{·}} [[Oxacillin]]{{·}} [[Flucloxacillin]]{{·}} [[Nafcillin]]
* [[Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin]]
* [[Pheneticillin]]


|group2  = [[Beta-lactam_antibiotic#Narrow-spectrum_.CE.B2-lactamase-resistant_penicillins|β-lactamase resistant]]
|list2  =
* [[Cloxacillin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Dicloxacillin]]
* [[Flucloxacillin]])
* [[Oxacillin]]
* [[Meticillin]]
* [[Nafcillin]]


}}
}}


}}
}}
 
  | groupstyle = background-color: PowderBlue
| group2 = [[Penem]]s
| group2 = [[Penem]]s
|  list2 = [[Faropenem]]
|  list2 =
* [[Faropenem]]


| group3 = [[Carbapenem]]s  
| group3 = [[Carbapenem]]s  
|  list3 = [[Biapenem]]{{·}} [[Doripenem]]{{·}} [[Ertapenem]]{{·}} [[Imipenem]]{{·}} [[Meropenem]]{{·}} [[Panipenem]]
|  list3 =
* [[Biapenem]]
* [[Ertapenem]]
* ''[[antipseudomonal]]'' ([[Doripenem]]
* [[Imipenem]]
* [[Meropenem]])
* [[Panipenem]]
  | groupstyle = background-color: PowderBlue


 
| group4= [[Cephalosporin]]s/[[Cephamycin]]s<BR>([[cephem]]s)
| group4= [[Cephalosporin]]s/<BR>([[cephem]]s)
| list4= {{Navbox subgroup
| list4= {{Navbox subgroup
   | groupstyle = background-color: PowderBlue
   | groupstyle = background-color: PowderBlue


   | group1 = [[Cephalosporin#First_generation|1st generation]] ([[Proteus mirabilis|P]][[Escherichia coli|Ec]][[Klebsiella pneumoniae|K]])
   | group1 = [[Cephalosporin#First_generation|1st]] ([[Proteus mirabilis|P]][[Escherichia coli|Ec]][[Klebsiella pneumoniae|K]])
   |  list1 = [[Cefacetrile]]{{·}} [[Cefadroxil]]{{·}} [[Cefalexin]]{{·}} [[Cefaloglycin]]{{·}} [[Cefalonium]]{{·}} [[Cefaloridine]]{{·}} [[Cefalotin]]{{·}}
   |  list1 =
[[Cefapirin]]{{·}} [[Cefatrizine]]{{·}} [[Cefazedone]]{{·}} [[Cefazaflur]]{{·}} [[Cefazolin]] # {{·}} [[Cefradine]]{{·}} [[Cefroxadine]]{{·}} [[Ceftezole]]
* [[Cefazolin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Cefacetrile]]
* [[Cefadroxil]]
* [[Cefalexin]]
* [[Cefaloglycin]]
* [[Cefalonium]]
* [[Cefaloridine]]
* [[Cefalotin]]
* [[Cefapirin]]
* [[Cefatrizine]]
* [[Cefazedone]]
* [[Cefazaflur]]
* [[Cefradine]]
* [[Cefroxadine]]
* [[Ceftezole]]


   | group2= [[Cephalosporin#Second_generation|2nd generation]] ([[Haemophilus influenzae|H]][[Enterobacter aerogenes|E]][[Neisseria|N]])
   | group2= [[Cephalosporin#Second_generation|2nd]] ([[Haemophilus influenzae|H]][[Enterobacter aerogenes|E]][[Neisseria|N]])
   | list2= [[Cefaclor]]{{·}} [[Cefamandole]]{{·}} [[Cefminox]]{{·}} [[Cefonicid]]{{·}} [[Ceforanide]]{{·}} [[Cefotiam]]{{·}} [[Cefprozil]]{{·}} [[Cefbuperazone]]{{·}} [[Cefuroxime]]{{·}} [[Cefuzonam]]{{·}} ''[[cephamycin]]'' ([[Cefoxitin]], [[Cefotetan]], [[Cefmetazole]]){{·}} ''[[carbacephem]]'' ([[Loracarbef]])
   | list2=
* [[Cefaclor]]
* [[Cefamandole]]
* [[Cefminox]]
* [[Cefonicid]]
* [[Ceforanide]]
* [[Cefotiam]]
* [[Cefprozil]]
* [[Cefbuperazone]]
* [[Cefuroxime]]
* [[Cefuzonam]]
* ''[[cephamycin]]'' ([[Cefoxitin]]
* [[Cefotetan]]
* [[Cefmetazole]])
* ''[[carbacephem]]'' ([[Loracarbef]])


   | group3= [[Cephalosporin#Third_generation|3rd generation]]
   | group3= [[Cephalosporin#Third_generation|3rd]]
   | list3= [[Cefcapene]]{{·}} [[Cefdaloxime]]{{·}} [[Cefdinir]]{{·}} [[Cefditoren]]{{·}} [[Cefetamet]]{{·}} [[Cefixime]] # {{·}} [[Cefmenoxime]]{{·}} [[Cefodizime]]{{·}} [[Cefoperazone]]{{·}} [[Cefotaxime]]{{·}} [[Cefpimizole]]{{·}} [[Cefpiramide]]{{·}} [[Cefpodoxime]]{{·}} [[Cefsulodin]]{{·}} [[Ceftazidime]] # {{·}} [[Cefteram]]{{·}} [[Ceftibuten]]{{·}} [[Ceftiolene]]{{·}} [[Ceftizoxime]]{{·}} [[Ceftriaxone]] # {{·}} ''[[oxacephem]]'' ([[Flomoxef]], [[Latamoxef]])
   | list3=
* [[Cefixime]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Ceftriaxone]]<sup>#</sup>
* ''[[antipseudomonal]]'' ([[Ceftazidime]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Cefoperazone]])
* [[Cefcapene]]
* [[Cefdaloxime]]
* [[Cefdinir]]
* [[Cefditoren]]
* [[Cefetamet]]
* [[Cefmenoxime]]
* [[Cefodizime]]
* [[Cefotaxime]]
* [[Cefpimizole]]
* [[Cefpiramide]]
* [[Cefpodoxime]]
* [[Cefsulodin]]
* [[Cefteram]]
* [[Ceftibuten]]
* [[Ceftiolene]]
* [[Ceftizoxime]]
* ''[[oxacephem]]'' ([[Flomoxef]]
* [[Latamoxef]]&nbsp;<sup>‡</sup>)


   | group4= [[Cephalosporin#Fourth_generation|4th generation]]
   | group4= [[Cephalosporin#Fourth_generation|4th]] ([[antipseudomonal|antips-]])
   | list4= [[Cefepime]]{{·}} [[Cefozopran]]{{·}} [[Cefpirome]]{{·}} [[Cefquinome]]
   | list4=
* [[Cefepime]]
* [[Cefozopran]]
* [[Cefpirome]]
* [[Cefquinome]]


   | group5= [[Cephalosporin#Fifth_generation|5th generation]]
   | group5= [[Cephalosporin#Fifth_generation|5th]]
   | list5= [[Ceftobiprole]]
   | list5=
* [[Ceftobiprole]]
* [[Ceftaroline fosamil]]
 
  | group6= [[Veterinary medicine|Veterinary]]
  | list6=
* [[Ceftiofur]]
* [[Cefquinome]]
* [[Cefovecin]]


}}
}}


| group5 = [[Monobactams]]  
| group5 = [[Monobactams]]  
|  list5 = [[Aztreonam]]{{·}}[[Tigemonam]]
|  list5 =
 
* [[Aztreonam]]
| group6 = [[Beta-lactamase inhibitor]]s
* [[Tigemonam]]
|  list6 = ''[[penam]]'' ([[Sulbactam]], [[Tazobactam]]){{·}} ''[[clavam]]'' ([[Clavulanic acid]])
* [[Carumonam]]
 
* [[Nocardicin A]]
| group7 = تركيبات
|  list7 = [[Ampicillin/sulbactam]] ([[Sultamicillin]]){{·}} [[Piperacillin/tazobactam]]{{·}} [[Co-amoxiclav|Co-amoxiclav (Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)]] # {{·}} [[Imipenem/cilastatin]] #
 
 
}}
 
| group8 = أخرى
|  list8 = {{Navbox subgroup
  | groupstyle = background-color: PowderBlue


  | group1 = [[Polymyxin]]s/<BR>([[detergent]])
| group6 = [[Beta-lactamase inhibitor|β-lactamase inh.]]
  |  list1 = [[كولستين]]{{·}} [[Polymyxin B]]
|  list6 =
* ''[[penam]]'' ([[Sulbactam]]
* [[Tazobactam]])
* ''[[clavam]]'' ([[Clavulanic acid]])


  | group2 = [[Depolarizing]]
| group7 = Combinations
  |  list2 = [[Daptomycin]]
|  list7 =
* [[Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Imipenem/cilastatin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Ampicillin/flucloxacillin]]
* [[Ampicillin/sulbactam]] ([[Sultamicillin]])
* [[Piperacillin/tazobactam]]


  | group3 = Hydrolyze NAM-NAG
  |  list3 = [[Lysozyme]]


}}
}}


| group9 =  
| group8 = Other
| list9 = ''# = [[List of World Health Organization Essential Medicines|WHO-EM]]''
|  list8 =
* ''[[polymyxin]]s/[[detergent]]'' ([[Colistin]]
* [[Polymyxin B]])
* ''[[depolarizing]]'' ([[Daptomycin]])
* ''hydrolyze NAM-NAG'' ([[Lysozyme]])
* [[Gramicidin]]


| belowstyle = background: transparent; padding: 0px;
| below = {{PharmNavFootnote}}{{Bacteria navs}}


}}<noinclude>
}}<noinclude>

مراجعة 23:32، 1 أغسطس 2012


مجلوبة من «http://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=قالب:مضادات_البكتيريا_المخربة_للجدار_الخلوي&oldid=16833»