إدارة الموسوعة 1: مراجعة واحدة

2016-11-14T04:33:10Z

مراجعة واحدة

صفحة جديدة

'''Passion gap''' or '''Cape Flats smile''' is a practical dental modification originating in [[Cape Flats]], [[Cape Town]], [[South Africa]] in which men and women deliberately remove their top front teeth (maxillary [[incisor]]s) for fashion and status. The practice is popular among lower class [[Coloureds]] and has occasionally been done by [[White South African|White]] and [[Chinese South Africans]] in the area.<ref name=telegraph/><ref name=vice/>

==Reception==

For many years, Cape Town residents have removed their top front teeth due to regional cultural fashion. A 2003 study performed by the [[University of Cape Town]] found that the main reasons for removing teeth were fashion and peer pressure followed by gangsterism and medical purposes.<ref name=telegraph/>

The modification is particularly popular in the Cape Flats section of Cape Town. In an interview of 2,167 people of color in the Western Cape, 41% have had teeth removal. Of those who have undergone the procedure, 44.8% were male. Children as young as 11 have had their front teeth removed for aesthetics.<ref name=telegraph/>

Other reasons for a passion gap include the belief of improved [[oral sex]] and kissing. Another belief is that fishermen removed their teeth to whistle louder to one another. Though the practice is still popular in the region today, perception is changing.<ref name=city/> Some employers specifically forbid the display of a passion gap.<ref name=news24/>

==History==

Dental modification in [[Southern Africa]] has been documented for 1500 years. Other forms of dental modification are more prevalent in the northern regions of Africa. Deliberate incisor removal in Western Cape remains an exception.<ref name=ncbi/>

During the mid-seventeenth century, slaves often removed their teeth as a means to "take back control of their own bodies".<ref name=city/> The current trend of passion gaps started in the 1940s.<ref name=telegraph/>

==See also==

*[[Body modification]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2|refs=
<ref name=telegraph>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/expat/expatnews/6268127/Cape-Towns-passion-gap-sexual-myth-or-fashion-victimhood.html|title=Cape Town's passion gap: sexual myth or fashion victimhood?|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|author=Fran Blandy|date=2009-10-07|accessdate=2014-04-03}}</ref>
<ref name=vice>{{cite web|url=http://www.vice.com/read/smile-and-say-passion-gap|title=SMILE AND SAY "PASSION GAP"|publisher=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]|author=Jamie Clifton|date=2012-03-06|accessdate=2014-04-03}}</ref>
<ref name=news24>{{cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/No-passion-gap-supermarket-staff-told-20110202|title=No 'passion gap', supermarket staff told|publisher=News24|author=Ezelle Solomons|date=2011-02-02|accessdate=2014-04-03}}</ref>
<ref name=ncbi>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9760932|title=Dental mutilation in southern African history and prehistory with special reference to the "Cape Flats Smile"|publisher=University of Cape Town Medical School|author=Morris AG|year=1998|accessdate=2014-04-03}}</ref>
<ref name=city>{{cite web|url=http://www.citypress.co.za/news/toothy-truth-of-the-cape-flats-smile/|title=Toothy truth of the ‘Cape Flats smile’|publisher=City Press|author=Biénne Huisman|date=2013-08-25|accessdate=2014-04-03}}</ref>
}}

==External links==
*[http://www.metropolistv.nl/en/themes/teeth/passion-gap-in-south-africa Passion gap on Metropolis TV]

[[Category:Body modification]]
[[Category:Cultural trends]]
[[Category:Cape Town]]
[[Category:Teeth]]

Passion gap - تاريخ المراجعة

إدارة الموسوعة 1: مراجعة واحدة