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	<id>https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86</id>
	<title>فيلداغلبتين - تاريخ المراجعة</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-04-29T02:11:40Z</updated>
	<subtitle>تاريخ التعديل لهذه الصفحة في الويكي</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.6</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=25056&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>كنان الطرح: /* روابط خارجية */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=25056&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2013-04-19T19:46:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;روابط خارجية&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ar&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;→ مراجعة أقدم&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;مراجعة 19:46، 19 أبريل 2013&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l92&quot;&gt;سطر 92:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;سطر 92:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Oral hypoglycemics}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Oral hypoglycemics}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{بذرة}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{بذرة}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[تصنيف:أدوية]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[تصنيف:موسوعة الأدوية]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[تصنيف:موسوعة الأدوية]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[تصنيف:&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;أدوية]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[تصنيف:&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;خافضات سكر الدم&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Anti-diabetic drugs]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Pyrrolidines]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Nitriles]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Amides]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Adamantanes]]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Category:Alcohols&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>كنان الطرح</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=24615&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>إدارة الموسوعة في 11:01، 21 مارس 2013</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=24615&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2013-03-21T11:01:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ar&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;→ مراجعة أقدم&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;مراجعة 11:01، 21 مارس 2013&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l63&quot;&gt;سطر 63:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;سطر 63:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;2 July 2008&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;2 July 2008&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Wall Street Journal Europe&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Wall Street Journal Europe&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;وقد طلبت [[إدارة الغذاء والدواء تفاصيل تجارب سريرية أكبر لتسمح بتسويق الدواء، بما فيها دلائل إضافية على عدم ظهور آفات الجلد وأذية ال[[كلية]] التي شوهدت في التجارب السريرية الأولى على الحيوانات في المراحل اللاحقة في التجارب على البشر.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;وقد طلبت [[إدارة الغذاء والدواء&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/ins&gt;تفاصيل تجارب سريرية أكبر لتسمح بتسويق الدواء، بما فيها دلائل إضافية على عدم ظهور آفات الجلد وأذية ال[[كلية]] التي شوهدت في التجارب السريرية الأولى على الحيوانات في المراحل اللاحقة في التجارب على البشر.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;ورغم أن الدواء غير مرخص للاستعمال في الولايات المتحدة فقد تم ترخيصه في 2-2008 من وكالة الدواء الأوربية للاستعمال في الاتحاد الأوربي.&amp;lt;ref name=reuters_galvus&amp;gt;EU approves Novartis diabetes drug Galvus.[http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNews/idUSL0116387320080201 Reuters, February 01, 2008]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; وأردج على قائمة  PBS الأسترالية مع بعض القيود على الاستعمال.&amp;lt;ref name=medupdate01&amp;gt;{{cite web |title=Vildagliptin for type 2 diabetes |url=http://www.nps.org.au/consumers/publications/medicine_update/issues/vildagliptin |author=NPS - better medicines, better health |date=August 2010 |accessdate=27 August 2010}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;ورغم أن الدواء غير مرخص للاستعمال في الولايات المتحدة فقد تم ترخيصه في 2-2008 من وكالة الدواء الأوربية للاستعمال في الاتحاد الأوربي.&amp;lt;ref name=reuters_galvus&amp;gt;EU approves Novartis diabetes drug Galvus.[http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNews/idUSL0116387320080201 Reuters, February 01, 2008]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; وأردج على قائمة  PBS الأسترالية مع بعض القيود على الاستعمال.&amp;lt;ref name=medupdate01&amp;gt;{{cite web |title=Vildagliptin for type 2 diabetes |url=http://www.nps.org.au/consumers/publications/medicine_update/issues/vildagliptin |author=NPS - better medicines, better health |date=August 2010 |accessdate=27 August 2010}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>إدارة الموسوعة</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=24614&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>إدارة الموسوعة: تصنيف</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=24614&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2013-03-21T10:50:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;تصنيف&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;ar&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;→ مراجعة أقدم&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;مراجعة 10:50، 21 مارس 2013&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l92&quot;&gt;سطر 92:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;سطر 92:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Oral hypoglycemics}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Oral hypoglycemics}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{بذرة}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{بذرة}}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[تصنيف:موسوعة الأدوية]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[تصنيف:أدوية]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Anti-diabetic drugs]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Anti-diabetic drugs]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>إدارة الموسوعة</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=24613&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>إدارة الموسوعة: متابعة</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=24613&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2013-03-21T10:48:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;متابعة&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;→ مراجعة أقدم&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;مراجعة 10:48، 21 مارس 2013&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l56&quot;&gt;سطر 56:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;سطر 56:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;فيلدداغلبتين&lt;/del&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; {{إنج|Vildagliptin}} (سابقاً كان يعرف باسم &#039;&#039; &#039;LAF237&#039;&#039;&#039; وانتشر بالأسماء التجارية&#039;&#039; &#039;Zomelis&#039;&#039;&#039;،&#039;&#039; &#039;Galvus&#039;&#039;&#039;) مضاد فموي لارتفاع السكر من ([[الأنسولين وأدوية السكري|أدوية السكري]])  من مجموعة جديدة من الأدوية هي [[مثبطات DDP-4]] تمنع  [[مثبطات DDP-4]] تعطيل [[GLP-1]] البيبتيا المشابع للغلوكاغون - 1 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=ahren/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=mentlein/&amp;gt; and  و تمنع [[GIP]] الببتيد المقوي للأنسولين المعتمد على الغلوكوز glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide &amp;lt;ref name=mentlein&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1 = Mentlein | first1 = R | last2 = Gallwitz | first2 = B | last3 = Schmidt | first3 = WE | title = Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV hydrolyses gastric inhibitory polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide, peptide histidine methionine and is responsible for their degradation in human serum | journal = European journal of biochemistry / FEBS | volume = 214 | issue = 3 | pages = 829–35 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8100523 | doi=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17986.x}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;by &lt;/del&gt;DPP-4&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, allowing &lt;/del&gt;GLP-1 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and &lt;/del&gt;GIP &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;to potentiate the secretion of insulin in the beta cells and suppress glucagon release by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. &lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;فيلداغلبتين&lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039; {{إنج|Vildagliptin}} (سابقاً كان يعرف باسم &#039;&#039; &#039;LAF237&#039;&#039;&#039; وانتشر بالأسماء التجارية&#039;&#039; &#039;Zomelis&#039;&#039;&#039;،&#039;&#039; &#039;Galvus&#039;&#039;&#039;) مضاد فموي لارتفاع السكر من ([[الأنسولين وأدوية السكري|أدوية السكري]])  من مجموعة جديدة من الأدوية هي [[مثبطات DDP-4]] تمنع  [[مثبطات DDP-4]] تعطيل [[GLP-1]] البيبتيا المشابع للغلوكاغون-1&amp;lt;ref name=ahren/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=mentlein/&amp;gt; and  و تمنع [[GIP]] الببتيد المقوي للأنسولين المعتمد على الغلوكوز glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide &amp;lt;ref name=mentlein&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1 = Mentlein | first1 = R | last2 = Gallwitz | first2 = B | last3 = Schmidt | first3 = WE | title = Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV hydrolyses gastric inhibitory polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide, peptide histidine methionine and is responsible for their degradation in human serum | journal = European journal of biochemistry / FEBS | volume = 214 | issue = 3 | pages = 829–35 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8100523 | doi=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17986.x}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;عبر أنزيم &lt;/ins&gt;DPP-4 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;مما يسمح لكل من &lt;/ins&gt;GLP-1 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;و &lt;/ins&gt;GIP &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;بتقوية إفراز الأنسولين من خلايا بيتا وكبت تحرر ال[[غلوغاكون]] من خلايا ألفا من [[جزر لا نغرهانس]] في ال&lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;بنكرياس&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Vildagliptin has been shown to reduce hyperglycemia in &lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;type 2 diabetes mellitus&lt;/del&gt;]].&amp;lt;ref name=ahren&amp;gt;{{cite journal | doi = 10.1210/jc.2003-031907 | last1 = Ahrén | first1 = B | last2 = Landin-Olsson | first2 = M | last3 = Jansson | first3 = PA | last4 = Svensson | first4 = M | last5 = Holmes | first5 = D | last6 = Schweizer | first6 = A | title = Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 reduces glycemia, sustains insulin levels, and reduces glucagon levels in type 2 diabetes | url = http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/89/5/2078 | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 89 | issue = 5 | pages = 2078–84 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15126524 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;وقد ثبت أن فيلداغلبتين يخفض سكر الدم المرتفع في النمط الثاني من مرض السكري&lt;/ins&gt;.&amp;lt;ref name=ahren&amp;gt;{{cite journal | doi = 10.1210/jc.2003-031907 | last1 = Ahrén | first1 = B | last2 = Landin-Olsson | first2 = M | last3 = Jansson | first3 = PA | last4 = Svensson | first4 = M | last5 = Holmes | first5 = D | last6 = Schweizer | first6 = A | title = Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 reduces glycemia, sustains insulin levels, and reduces glucagon levels in type 2 diabetes | url = http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/89/5/2078 | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 89 | issue = 5 | pages = 2078–84 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15126524 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;وقد تراجعت شركة نوفارتس عن تقديم طلب لتسويق الفيداغلبتين إلى [[إدارة الغذاء والدواء]] الأمريكية في 7-&lt;/ins&gt;2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Focus on Health: Drug makers say FDA slows U.S. pipeline --- Emphasis on safety, side effects grows; swing of pendulum?  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Novartis has since withdrawn its intent to submit vildagliptin to the FDA, as of July &lt;/del&gt;2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Focus on Health: Drug makers say FDA slows U.S. pipeline --- Emphasis on safety, side effects grows; swing of pendulum?  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;By Avery Johnson and Ron Winslow  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;By Avery Johnson and Ron Winslow  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;2180 words&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;2180 words&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;2 July 2008&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;2 July 2008&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Wall Street Journal Europe&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Wall Street Journal Europe&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The &lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Food and Drug Administration]] had demanded additional clinical data before it could approve vildagliptin including extra evidence that skin lesions and [[kidney]] impairment seen during an early &lt;/del&gt;[[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;clinical trial|study&lt;/del&gt;]] &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;on animals have not occurred in human trials&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;وقد طلبت &lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;إدارة الغذاء والدواء تفاصيل تجارب سريرية أكبر لتسمح بتسويق الدواء، بما فيها دلائل إضافية على عدم ظهور آفات الجلد وأذية ال&lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;كلية&lt;/ins&gt;]] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;التي شوهدت في التجارب السريرية الأولى على الحيوانات في المراحل اللاحقة في التجارب على البشر&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ورغم أن الدواء غير مرخص للاستعمال في الولايات المتحدة فقد تم ترخيصه في 2-&lt;/ins&gt;2008 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;من وكالة الدواء الأوربية للاستعمال في الاتحاد الأوربي.&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=reuters_galvus&amp;gt;EU approves Novartis diabetes drug Galvus.[http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNews/idUSL0116387320080201 Reuters, February 01, 2008]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;وأردج على قائمة  &lt;/ins&gt;PBS &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;الأسترالية مع بعض القيود على الاستعمال&lt;/ins&gt;.&amp;lt;ref name=medupdate01&amp;gt;{{cite web |title=Vildagliptin for type 2 diabetes |url=http://www.nps.org.au/consumers/publications/medicine_update/issues/vildagliptin |author=NPS - better medicines, better health |date=August 2010 |accessdate=27 August 2010}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;While the drug is still not approved for use in the US, it was approved in February &lt;/del&gt;2008 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;by [[European Medicines Agency]] for use within the EU&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;ref name=reuters_galvus&amp;gt;EU approves Novartis diabetes drug Galvus.[http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNews/idUSL0116387320080201 Reuters, February 01, 2008]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and is listed on the Australian &lt;/del&gt;PBS &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;with certain restrictions&lt;/del&gt;.&amp;lt;ref name=medupdate01&amp;gt;{{cite web |title=Vildagliptin for type 2 diabetes |url=http://www.nps.org.au/consumers/publications/medicine_update/issues/vildagliptin |author=NPS - better medicines, better health |date=August 2010 |accessdate=27 August 2010}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==مشاركته مع الميتفورمين==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==مشاركته مع الميتفورمين==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l78&quot;&gt;سطر 78:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;سطر 75:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==التصنيع الكيميائي==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==التصنيع الكيميائي==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:Vildagliptin synth.png|600px]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[File:Vildagliptin synth.png|600px]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;انظر &lt;/ins&gt;[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;http&lt;/ins&gt;:/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/en&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;wikipedia&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;org/wiki&lt;/ins&gt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Vildagliptin المقال في Wikipedia لتفاصيل المصدر]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Source: 1-&lt;/del&gt;[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[(3-Hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]-2-cyano-(S)-pyrrolidine&lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt; A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor with Antihyperglycemic Properties&amp;lt;ref name=&quot;1-[[(3-Hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]-2-cyano-(S)-pyrrolidine:  A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor with Antihyperglycemic Properties&quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | doi=10.1021&lt;/del&gt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;jm030091l | title=  1-(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)aminoacetyl-2-cyano-(S)-pyrrolidine: a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor with antihyperglycemic properties&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| pmid=12801240| year=2003  | last1=Villhauer | first1=Edwin B&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;| last2=Brinkman | first2=John A. | last3=Naderi | first3=Goli B. | last4=Burkey | first4=Bryan F. | last5=Dunning | first5=Beth E. | last6=Prasad | first6=Kapa | last7=Mangold|first7=Bonnie L. | last8=Russell | first8=Mary E. | last9=Hughes | first9=Thomas E. | journal=Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | volume=46 | issue=13 | pages=2774–89}}&amp;lt;&lt;/del&gt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ref&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==انظر أيضاً==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==انظر أيضاً==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l89&quot;&gt;سطر 89:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;سطر 85:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==روابط خارجية==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==روابط خارجية==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{UTGlucagon|&lt;/del&gt;vildagliptin&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&amp;amp;nbsp;– Vildagliptin&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://www.glucagon.com/&lt;/ins&gt;vildagliptin&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;.html vildagliptin]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;{{UTGlucagon|&lt;/del&gt;dpp4&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;}}&amp;amp;nbsp;– About DPP-4&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://www.glucagon.com/dpp4.html &lt;/ins&gt;dpp4&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[http://www.forbes.com/2004/01/26/cx_mh_rl_diabetestearsheet_5.html The race to get DPP-4 inhibitors to market]&amp;amp;nbsp;– Forbes.com&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[http://www.forbes.com/2004/01/26/cx_mh_rl_diabetestearsheet_5.html The race to get DPP-4 inhibitors to market]&amp;amp;nbsp;– Forbes.com&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[http://www.forbes.com/finance/2007/03/02/merck-novartis-januvia-pf-ii-in_dk_0302soapbox_inl.html Merck&amp;#039;s March Madness]&amp;amp;nbsp;– Forbes.com&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[http://www.forbes.com/finance/2007/03/02/merck-novartis-januvia-pf-ii-in_dk_0302soapbox_inl.html Merck&amp;#039;s March Madness]&amp;amp;nbsp;– Forbes.com&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>إدارة الموسوعة</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=24605&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>إدارة الموسوعة: مرحلة أولى من المقال الجديد</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.arabsciencepedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86&amp;diff=24605&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2013-03-21T10:00:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;مرحلة أولى من المقال الجديد&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;صفحة جديدة&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Drugbox&lt;br /&gt;
| Verifiedfields = changed&lt;br /&gt;
| verifiedrevid = 470630169&lt;br /&gt;
| IUPAC_name = (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)-1-[&amp;#039;&amp;#039;N&amp;#039;&amp;#039;-(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)glycyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile&lt;br /&gt;
| image = Vildagliptin Structural Formulae.png&lt;br /&gt;
| alt = Skeletal formula&lt;br /&gt;
| image2 = Vildagliptin-3D-balls.png&lt;br /&gt;
| alt2 = Ball-and-stick model&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Clinical data--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| tradename =  &lt;br /&gt;
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|international|vildagliptin}}&lt;br /&gt;
| licence_EU = Galvus&lt;br /&gt;
| pregnancy_category = Not recommended&lt;br /&gt;
| legal_UK = POM&lt;br /&gt;
| legal_status =  &lt;br /&gt;
| routes_of_administration = Oral&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Pharmacokinetic data--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| bioavailability = 85%&lt;br /&gt;
| protein_bound = 9.3%&lt;br /&gt;
| metabolism = Mainly [[hydrolysis]] to inactive metabolite; [[Cytochrome P450|CYP450]] not appreciably involved&lt;br /&gt;
| elimination_half-life = 2 to 3 hours&lt;br /&gt;
| excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Identifiers--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}&lt;br /&gt;
| CAS_number = 274901-16-5&lt;br /&gt;
| ATC_prefix = A10&lt;br /&gt;
| ATC_suffix = BH02&lt;br /&gt;
| ATC_supplemental = &amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;{{ATC|A10|BD08}} (with [[metformin]])&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.whocc.no/atcddd/new_atc_ddd.html#ATCDDD_FINAL | title = ATC/DDD Classification (FINAL): New ATC 5th level codes | date = August 27, 2008 | author = WHO International Working Group for Drug Statistics Methodology | publisher = WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology | accessdate = 2008-09-05}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| PubChem = 6918537&lt;br /&gt;
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}&lt;br /&gt;
| DrugBank = DB04876&lt;br /&gt;
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}&lt;br /&gt;
| ChemSpiderID = 5293734&lt;br /&gt;
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}&lt;br /&gt;
| UNII = I6B4B2U96P&lt;br /&gt;
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}&lt;br /&gt;
| KEGG = D07080&lt;br /&gt;
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}&lt;br /&gt;
| ChEMBL = 142703&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Chemical data--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| C=17 | H=25 | N=3 | O=2 &lt;br /&gt;
| molecular_weight = 303.399 [[Gram|g]]/[[Mole (unit)|mol]]&lt;br /&gt;
| smiles = N#C[C@H]4N(C(=O)CNC13CC2CC(C1)CC(O)(C2)C3)CCC4&lt;br /&gt;
| InChI = 1/C17H25N3O2/c18-9-14-2-1-3-20(14)15(21)10-19-16-5-12-4-13(6-16)8-17(22,7-12)11-16/h12-14,19,22H,1-8,10-11H2/t12?,13?,14-,16?,17?/m0/s1&lt;br /&gt;
| InChIKey = SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYBW&lt;br /&gt;
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}&lt;br /&gt;
| StdInChI = 1S/C17H25N3O2/c18-9-14-2-1-3-20(14)15(21)10-19-16-5-12-4-13(6-16)8-17(22,7-12)11-16/h12-14,19,22H,1-8,10-11H2/t12?,13?,14-,16?,17?/m0/s1&lt;br /&gt;
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}&lt;br /&gt;
| StdInChIKey = SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N&lt;br /&gt;
| synonyms = &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(2&amp;#039;&amp;#039;S&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)-1-{2-[(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl}pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;فيلدداغلبتين&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; {{إنج|Vildagliptin}} (سابقاً كان يعرف باسم &amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;#039;LAF237&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; وانتشر بالأسماء التجارية&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;#039;Zomelis&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;،&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;#039;Galvus&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) مضاد فموي لارتفاع السكر من ([[الأنسولين وأدوية السكري|أدوية السكري]])  من مجموعة جديدة من الأدوية هي [[مثبطات DDP-4]] تمنع  [[مثبطات DDP-4]] تعطيل [[GLP-1]] البيبتيا المشابع للغلوكاغون - 1 ]&amp;lt;ref name=ahren/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=mentlein/&amp;gt; and  و تمنع [[GIP]] الببتيد المقوي للأنسولين المعتمد على الغلوكوز glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide &amp;lt;ref name=mentlein&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last1 = Mentlein | first1 = R | last2 = Gallwitz | first2 = B | last3 = Schmidt | first3 = WE | title = Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV hydrolyses gastric inhibitory polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide, peptide histidine methionine and is responsible for their degradation in human serum | journal = European journal of biochemistry / FEBS | volume = 214 | issue = 3 | pages = 829–35 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8100523 | doi=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17986.x}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; by DPP-4, allowing GLP-1 and GIP to potentiate the secretion of insulin in the beta cells and suppress glucagon release by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Vildagliptin has been shown to reduce hyperglycemia in [[type 2 diabetes mellitus]].&amp;lt;ref name=ahren&amp;gt;{{cite journal | doi = 10.1210/jc.2003-031907 | last1 = Ahrén | first1 = B | last2 = Landin-Olsson | first2 = M | last3 = Jansson | first3 = PA | last4 = Svensson | first4 = M | last5 = Holmes | first5 = D | last6 = Schweizer | first6 = A | title = Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 reduces glycemia, sustains insulin levels, and reduces glucagon levels in type 2 diabetes | url = http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/89/5/2078 | journal = The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism | volume = 89 | issue = 5 | pages = 2078–84 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15126524 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Novartis has since withdrawn its intent to submit vildagliptin to the FDA, as of July 2008.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Focus on Health: Drug makers say FDA slows U.S. pipeline --- Emphasis on safety, side effects grows; swing of pendulum? &lt;br /&gt;
By Avery Johnson and Ron Winslow &lt;br /&gt;
2180 words&lt;br /&gt;
2 July 2008&lt;br /&gt;
The Wall Street Journal Europe&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The [[Food and Drug Administration]] had demanded additional clinical data before it could approve vildagliptin including extra evidence that skin lesions and [[kidney]] impairment seen during an early [[clinical trial|study]] on animals have not occurred in human trials.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While the drug is still not approved for use in the US, it was approved in February 2008 by [[European Medicines Agency]] for use within the EU&amp;lt;ref name=reuters_galvus&amp;gt;EU approves Novartis diabetes drug Galvus.[http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNews/idUSL0116387320080201 Reuters, February 01, 2008]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and is listed on the Australian PBS with certain restrictions.&amp;lt;ref name=medupdate01&amp;gt;{{cite web |title=Vildagliptin for type 2 diabetes |url=http://www.nps.org.au/consumers/publications/medicine_update/issues/vildagliptin |author=NPS - better medicines, better health |date=August 2010 |accessdate=27 August 2010}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==مشاركته مع الميتفورمين==&lt;br /&gt;
وافقت وكالة الأدوية الأوربية EMEA على العلاج الفموي الذي طرحته شركة نوفارتس باسم Eucreas وهو دواء مركب من الفيداغلبتين وال[[ميتفورمين]].&amp;lt;ref name=reuters_eucreas&amp;gt;EU approves Novartis&amp;#039;s Eucreas diabetes drug. [http://www.reuters.com/article/companyNews/idUSZAT00747520080225 Reuters, February 25, 2008].&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==اختطار السرطان لمثبطات DPP-4 ==&lt;br /&gt;
من المعروف ان أنزيم DPP-4 معروف بعلاقته بكبت أنواع معينة من الخباثات ، وبالأخص تحديد غزو الأنسجة من  الأورام، وتثبيط أنزيم DPP-4 قد يسمح بتفاقم بعض أنواع السرطان.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;pmid15375776&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | author = Pro B, Dang NH | title = CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV and its role in cancer | journal = Histol. Histopathol. | volume = 19 | issue = 4 | pages = 1345–51 | year = 2004 | month = October | pmid = 15375776 | doi = | url = http://www.hh.um.es/Abstracts/Vol_19/19_4/19_4_1345.htm }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;pmid15735018&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | author = Wesley UV, McGroarty M, Homoyouni A | title = Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibits malignant phenotype of prostate cancer cells by blocking basic fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway | journal = Cancer Res. | volume = 65 | issue = 4 | pages = 1325–34 | year = 2005 | month = February | pmid = 15735018 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-1852 | url =  }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; وقد أظهرت دراسة على تثبيط DPP-4 على سرطان الرئة غير صغير الخلايا non-small cell lung cancer - NSCLC أن وظائف DPPIV  كمثبط للسرطان وتخفيضه لسرعته قد تساهم في فقد السيطرة على نمو خلايا السرطان NSCLC .&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Wesley 1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | last = Wesley| first = U | coauthors = et al | year = 2004 | title = Role for dipeptidyl peptidase IV in tumor suppression of human non small cell lung carcinoma cells.| journal = [[Int J Cancer]] | volume = 109 | pmid = 15027119 | issue = 6 | pages = 855&amp;amp;ndash;866 | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15027119 | doi = 10.1002/ijc.20091}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
وهذا الاختطار الخاص بكبت السرطان عبر أنزيم DPP-4 يرتبط بكل مثبطات DPP-4 المتوفرة بالسوق كال[[سيتاغلبتين]] وال[[ساكساغلبتين]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==التصنيع الكيميائي==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Vildagliptin synth.png|600px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Source: 1-[[(3-Hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]-2-cyano-(S)-pyrrolidine:  A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor with Antihyperglycemic Properties&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;1-[[(3-Hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]-2-cyano-(S)-pyrrolidine:  A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor with Antihyperglycemic Properties&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite journal | doi=10.1021/jm030091l | title=  1-(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)aminoacetyl-2-cyano-(S)-pyrrolidine: a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor with antihyperglycemic properties. | pmid=12801240| year=2003  | last1=Villhauer | first1=Edwin B. | last2=Brinkman | first2=John A. | last3=Naderi | first3=Goli B. | last4=Burkey | first4=Bryan F. | last5=Dunning | first5=Beth E. | last6=Prasad | first6=Kapa | last7=Mangold|first7=Bonnie L. | last8=Russell | first8=Mary E. | last9=Hughes | first9=Thomas E. | journal=Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | volume=46 | issue=13 | pages=2774–89}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==انظر أيضاً==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[جيميغليبتين]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[سيتاغلبتين]]&lt;br /&gt;
==مصادر==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vildagliptin مقال فيلداغلبتين - Wikipedia]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==روابط خارجية==&lt;br /&gt;
* {{UTGlucagon|vildagliptin}}&amp;amp;nbsp;– Vildagliptin&lt;br /&gt;
* {{UTGlucagon|dpp4}}&amp;amp;nbsp;– About DPP-4&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.forbes.com/2004/01/26/cx_mh_rl_diabetestearsheet_5.html The race to get DPP-4 inhibitors to market]&amp;amp;nbsp;– Forbes.com&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.forbes.com/finance/2007/03/02/merck-novartis-januvia-pf-ii-in_dk_0302soapbox_inl.html Merck&amp;#039;s March Madness]&amp;amp;nbsp;– Forbes.com&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Oral hypoglycemics}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{بذرة}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Anti-diabetic drugs]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Pyrrolidines]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Nitriles]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Amides]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Adamantanes]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Alcohols]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>إدارة الموسوعة</name></author>
	</entry>
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